Calk assemblage for shoes



1950 c. R. DANIELS 2,517,179

CALK ASSEMBLAGE FOR SHOES Filed Sept. 15, 1947 AWWO/E/VZP'S I Patented Aug. 1, 1950 "UNI TED S TATES PATENT OFFICE CALKASSEMBLAGEFORSHOES Clare .R. Daniels, Milwaukee, .Wis. Application September 15, 1947, Serial No. 774,105

4 Claims.

. l i 1 i The present invention relates generally to improvem'entstincalk assemblages for thesoles of athletic oroth'er shoes, and relates more particularly to improvem'entsin the construction and operation of supports and "sole mountings for detacha-ble calks or the like.

A primary object of thiscinvention is to provide animproved detachable calk and sole support and mounting therefor which is extremely simple in construction, flexible in its adaptations, and highly efficient in actual use.

Many types or athletic :shoes and other shoes for diverse purposes are provided with soleacalk's, oleats,.spikes,ior thelike adapted to prevent foot slippage; andl'in most instances, these: calks have been relatively standardized and are made removable or detachable to enable ready replacementwhendesired. As'an example, the presentlypopular and more 'or :less standard .golf shoecalk comprises ametal conical spike formed integral with one side "of a relatively wide base flange having an integral threaded. projection extending: centrally'raway from its opposite side" and adapted to coact with an internally threaded bushing firmly secured to the sole of theshoe. Therbase iflanges of these prior calks areusually of circular shape, and "are each provided with diametrically opposite socket openings or the like disposed on opposite sides of the protruding spike and adapted to icoact-with. similarly spaced ing being provided with anintegral laterally projecting head or lflan ger'on the inner end thereof,

and means such .asspurs .projectingfrom the head or flange in the same-direction-as the bushing and adapted to be driven into the sole to secure the anchoring lmember against rotation during application or removal of the'lcalk, Aside from these spurs or. other means such as rivets,

associated with the ,inner head i or flange of the bushing or calk receiving nut, no other means .is provided in the prior assemblages forsecuring the anchoring member to the .shoe sole or for supporting theyicalk. .Thus, whenethewcalk :is

screwed tightly into the bushingor receiving nut, the base flange of the calk compresses thea'djacent portion of the relatively flexible and 'soft compositionshoe sole in a relatively limited area; and during application of pressure on thespike, as by walking, the sole flexes and causes the *cleat .assemblageto press inwardly to a considerable extent in a relatively small area against the wearers foot, thereby creating an uncomfortable feeling. Also because of the flexibility of the "sole and the comparatively small area to whichthe calkis secured, these prior calksand the anchoring means therefor have a tendency to tilt and loosen in the sole with wear.

:It is therefore a more specific object of my present invention to provide an improved calk assemblage which obviates and/or minimizes all of the .zabove mentioned disadvantages and objections encountered with the prior art assemblages.

Another specific object of the present invention istoprovide an improved "calk assemblage which may be quickly and easilyapplied in a simple manner to the rubber, leather or composition outer sole 'of a shoe for use either inconvertin'g ordinary shoes or in the manufacture of new shoes for golf "and the like.

Another "specific object of this invention is to providevan improved detachable calk which may be readily firmly applied to or detached from its sole receiving and supporting member by a novice with the aid of any ordinary wrench or pliers.

(A further specific object of my present inventloniszto providean improved calk assemblage whereinwthe :anchoring'meansfor the calk is adapted to be firmly and non-.rotatablysecured to the shoe sole ina simple and improved manner.

vStill another specific object'of the presentinvention is to provideranimproved calk assemblage wherein an extensive bearing surface is provided alongthe outer or lower surface of the shoe soleto prevent inward displacement of the calk: assemblage and to maintain the calk at a right angle "relative to the sole.

?An:additiona1 specific object of the present 'in ventionl-is to provide an improved calk assemblage which may -be manufactured, sold and applied at moderate-cost, and whereinthe rcalk and its receiving orrmounting unit is constantly resiliently urged'routwardly 'oi the lower surface or the sole to cushion and absorb shocks andto maintain constant-compression stress on the mounting nut or "bushing :to "prevent loosening thereof.

illness l and other specific 1 obj ects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following detailed description.

A clear conception of the several features constituting my present improvement, and of the mode of constructing and of utilizing calk assemblages embodying the invention, may be had by referring to the drawing accompanying and forming a part of this specification, wherein like reference characters designate the same or similar parts in the various views.

Fig. 1 is a fragmentary outside view of the sole of a golf shoe provided with one of my improved calks and the mounting therefor;

Fig. 2 is a central vertical section through the sole fragment and the improved calk assemblage;

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary inside view of the sole and calk assemblage;

Fig. 4: is a plan view of the bearing member or disk of the improved calk assemblage;

Fig. 5 is a part sectional side view of the calk nut or receiving and mounting bushing of the assemblage; and

Fig. 6 is a transverse section through the nut or bushing taken along the line 6-6 of Fig. 5.

While the invention has been shown and described herein as being particularly embodied in and advantageously applied to a golf shoe calk assemblage, it is not desired or intended to thus unnecessarily restrict or limit the scope or utlility of the improved features by virtue of such limited embodiment.

Referring to the drawing, wherein the reference numeral H) designates the outer rubber or composition sole of a golf shoe or the like having inner and outer surfaces ll, l2 respectively and perforations l3 therein, the improved calk'assemblage comprises, in general, a calk nut ofreceiving and mounting bushing I4 snuglyconfined within each perforation I3 and having internal threads 15 to form a socket member; a relatively thin plate I6 of spring metal or the like coacting with one end of the nut or socket member I4 and extending laterally therefrom adjacent the outer surface l2 of the sole IE to provide a bearing means; and a calk I! having a base flange I8 and a conical spike I8 formed integral therewith and extending away from one side thereof and an integral projection or shank 20 provided with external threads 2! extending away from the opposite side thereof and adapted for coaction with the internal threads l5 of the socket member 14.

To prevent rotation of the nut or socket member l4 upon application or removal of the calk H, the member M is formed with a square or otherwise polygonal transverse cross-section intermediate its ends as at 22, that being the portion which is snugly confined within the perfo-' ration [3 of the sole l0; and the opposite end portions of the member I4 are provided of reduced dimensions as indicated at 23, 24, thus being adapted to be riveted over the'adjacent inner and outer sole surfaces II, l2 respectively. -The resilient plate i6 is formed with a central aperture 25 adapted for reception on the reduced outer end portion 24 of the nut so as to be firmly secured thereto upon riveting of this end portion 24; and the plate I6 is additionally dished as shownin Fig. 2 so as to peripherally engage the sole l0 and maintain the nut or member l4 under constant compression stress and constantly resili-" ently urge this member l4 outwardly of the sole bottom l2. The plate I6 is also preferably provided with an annular series of peripheral lobes 26 as clearly shown in Figs. 1 and 4 so that direc- 4 tional strains, particularly during walking, are absorbed by the resilient plate 16, which obviously provides a flexible support for the member 14.

The calk I! may be attached to or detached from the socket member I 4 in an obvious manner through coaction of the screw threads l5, 2| oi the member I4 and calk shank 20 respectively; and the base flange [8 of the calk is recessed as at 21 adjacentthe threaded projection 20 so as to clear the riveted end 24 of the-socket member l4 and peripherally contact the plate [6 as shown in Fig. 2. This calk base flange I8 is furthermore hexagonal or otherwise polygonally shaped to en- 'able ready application and/or removal with the aid of a standard wrench or pliers.

The improved anchoring means may obviously be readily applied to the outer shoe sole l0 by first providing the desired number of perforations l3 therein, thereafter inserting one of the socket members or nuts I4 within each perforation IS with* the polygonal portion 22 thereof being snugly confined within the perforation .and the reduced portions 23, 24 projecting from opposite sides of the sole l0, then placing the dished plate H6 in position on the outer reduced portion 24 with the periphery thereof engaging the outer surface I2 of the sole, and finally riveting the reduced ends 23, 24 of the member. 14 so as to form laterally extendingretaining flanges. The

threaded shank 20 of the calk l1 may-then be screwed into the threaded socket member M with the aid of any standard wrench or pliers and the assemblage is complete. I From the foregoing detailed description of a typical embodiment of my invention, it is apparent that I haveprovided an improved calk assemblage which is simple in construction, flexible in itsadaptations, and highly eflicient in actual use. The internally threaded socket member 14 is firmly secured to-the outer sole ID of a shoe by riveting the thin end portions 23, 24 and is prevented-from inward displacement during walking by the'outer dished resilient plate l6 which forms a rather extensive bearing surface remote from the socket. The plate l6 may be made of spring steel and is preferably formed with peripheral lobes 26 which absorb directionalstrains during walking, and this plate l6 likewise prevents tilting and loosening of the member l4 and calk I! upon application of pressure. The improved assemblages may be satisfactorily utilized with rubber or composition as well as leather soles, and they may obviously be likewise used either in the manufacture of new shoes or in converting ordinary shoe to cleated shoes. The polygonal cross-section of the intermediate portion of the member l4 prevents'turning of this member during application and removal of the calk l1, and the polygonal shape of the base flange l8 permits usjeof an ordinary wrench or pliers during such application or removal operation. The invention has been shown and described as being embodied in a'golf shoe, but it is not necessaril confined thereto and maybe adapted to other types of shoes.

It should be understood that it is not desired to limit this invention to the exact details of construction orto the precise mode of use, herein shown anddescribed, for various modifications" within the scope of the claims may occur to persons skilled in the art to which this invensole I co prising, an internally" threaded socket member snugly confined within the perforation of the sole, said socket member being formed with a p ygonal transverse cross-section intermediate its ends to prevent rotation thereof and havin opposite end portions of reduced dimensions adapted to be riveted over the adjacent inner and outer sole portions, a resilient plate embracing one of said reduced socket member portions beneath the riveting thereof and extending laterally therefrom against the outer surface of said sole to form an extensive bearing surface, and a calk having a base flange and a conical spike formed integral therewith and extending away from one side thereof and an integral externally threaded projection extending away from the opposite side thereof and adapted for coactionwith said internally threaded socket member.

2. A calk assemblage for a perforated shoe sole comprising, an internally threaded socket member snugly confined within the perforation of the sole, said socket member being formed with a polygonal transverse cross-section intermediate its ends to prevent rotation thereof and having opposite end portions of reduced dimensions adapted to be riveted over the adjacent inner and outer sole portions, a resilient plate embracing the outer socket member portion within the riveting thereof and extending laterally therefrom against the outer surface of said sole to form an extensive bearing surface, and a calk having a base flange and a conical spike formed integral therewith and extending away from one side thereof and an integral externally threaded projection extending away from the opposite side thereof and adapted for coaction with said internally threaded socket member, said base flange being recessed adjacent the threaded projection thereof to clear the riveted end of said socket member and peripherally contact said bearing plate.

3. A calk assemblage for a perforated shoe sole comprising, a socket member snugly nonrotatably confined within the perforation of the sole, a resilient plate coasting with one end of said socket member and extending laterally therefrom adjacent the outer surface of said sole, said plate being dished so as to peripherally engage said sole only remote from the said socket meet her and provide a flexible support for the socket, and a calk having a base flange and a conical spike formed integral therewith and extending away from one side thereof and an integral projection extending away from the opposite side thereof and adapted for coaction with said socket member, the base flange of said calk being formed for direct seating engagement with the outer surface of said resilient plate.

4. A calk assemblage for a perforated shoe sole comprising, an internally threaded socket member snugly non-rotatably confined within the perforation of the sole, a resilient plate secured to one end of said socket member by riveting and extending laterally therefrom adjacent the outer surface of said sole, said plate being dished so as to peripherally engage said sole only remote from said socket member and to provide a flexible support for the threaded socket, and a calk having a base flange and a conical spike formed integral therewith and extending away from one side thereof and an integral externally threaded projection extending away from the opposite side thereof and adapted for coaction with said internally threaded socket member, the base flange of said calk being recessed adjacent the threaded projection thereof to clear the riveted end of said socket member and peripherally contact said resilient plate.

CLARE R. DANIELS.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,687,634 Pierce Oct. .16, 1928 1,942,574 Shapiro Jan. 9, 1934 2,178,106 Pierce et a1. Oct. 31, 1939 2,421,072 Kramer May 27, 1947 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 10,869 Great Britain May 7, 1907 of 1906 443,714 Great Britain Mar. 3, 1936 

